The Truest Pleasure

by Robert Morgan

Genres: Historical Fiction; Literary Fiction; Romance

Synopsis

Ginny, who marries Tom at the turn of the century after her family has given up on her ever marrying, narrates THE TRUEST PLEASURE--the story of their life together on her father's farm in the western North Carolina mountains. They have a lot in common--love of the land and fathers who fought in the Civil War. Tom's father died in the war, but Ginny's father came back to western North Carolina to hold on to the farm and turn a profit. Ginny's was a childhood of relative security, Tom's one of landlessness. Truth be known--and they both know it--their marriage is mutually beneficial in purely practical terms. Tom wants land to call his own. Ginny knows she can't manage her aging father's farm by herself. But there is also mutual attraction, and indeed their "loving" is deeply gratifying. What keeps getting in the way of it, though, are their obsessions. Tom Powell's obsession is easy to understand. He's a workaholic who hoards time and money. Ginny is obsessed by Pentecostal preaching. That she loses control of her dignity, that she speaks "in tongues," that she is "saved," seem to her a blessing and to Tom a disgrace. It's not until Tom lies unconscious and at the mercy of a disease for which the mountain doctor has no cure that Ginny realizes her truest pleasure is her love for her husband. Like COLD MOUNTAIN, the time and place of THE TRUEST PLEASURE are remote from contemporary American life, but its rendering of the nature of marriage is timeless and universal. Praise for THE TRUEST PLEASURE: "Marvelously vivid imagery. . . . a quietly audacious book."--The New York Times Book Review; "Morgan deeply understands these people and their world, and he writes about them with an authority usually associated with the great novelists of the last century. . . . the book is astonishing."--The Boston Book Review;

Release date: January 9, 1998

Publisher: Algonquin Books

Print pages: 380

Sample

PRAISE FOR ROBERT MORGAN'S The Truest Pleasure

“Eloquent, wise, and heartbreaking.”

—Publishers Weekly, starred review

“May well be his best work yet . . . Comes together in the end like a complex piece of music, gathering all its earlier themes into a crescendo that swells and washes over the reader.”

—Richmond Times-Dispatch

“The Truest Pleasure is an epic love story.”

—Lexington Herald-Leader

“Robert Morgan’s writing is as clear and simple as befits farm life, yet it possesses a luminous poetic quality, a rough beauty hewn from the countryside and from old, forgotten ways.”

—The Philadelphia Inquirer

“Morgan has succeeded in a most difficult endeavor, writing a thoroughly entertaining and even moving novel about a time, place, and people that most contemporary Americans know only as cartoons.”

—Booklist

“Morgan writes with infinite grace and understanding—his prose is never far from poetry. . . His picture of the region he knows so well by background and experience is clear and true, and his grasp of storytelling, that of a master.”

—The Anniston Star

“Wondrous . . . it is the author’s wisdom and understanding of the characters that bring the incredible intensity and the truest pleasure to the reader of this stirring novel.”

—San Antonia Express-News

“So real are the characters that a reader can feel their frustration as they hide behind resentment and spite, keeping themselves apart until a calamity forces them together one last time.”

—The Orlando Sentinel

“His lovely tale of the trials of marriage is perfectly contemporary, a story of love found, lost and recovered, that is not sticky sweet, but earthy and solid, like homemade molasses.”

—Rapport

“Exquisitely detailed, compelling lyricism.”

—The State (Columbia, SC)

“Beautifully written and extremely moving . . . Morgan has created that rarest of literary creatures.”

—The Commercial Appeal (Memphis)

“A work of fiction as deep and rich and inset with memorable pictures is indeed one of the truest pleasures.”

—The News & Observer (Raleigh, NC)



The first Pentecostal service Pa ever took me to was held in a brush arbor up near Cedar Springs. The preacher was a fiery little man named McKinney from Tigerville, South Carolina. I was just seventeen and curious to see what was going to happen.

“Is this the kind of service where women roll on the ground?” my sister Florrie said.

“Sometimes they do,” Pa said, “if the Spirit moves them to.”

“Who do they roll on the ground with?” my brother Locke said. He was always making jokes and making light.

“Won’t do to mock other people’s worship,” Pa said. He had attended Pentecostal services when he was a prisoner at Elmira, New York, during the Confederate War. He was just a boy, and they had prayer meetings in that awful camp where they sung and danced to keep warm by the froze river. When I was a girl he would tell about it, about one prisoner who was a preacher and could make anybody speak in tongues just by looking at him. That preacher could raise hisself high in the air while preaching so he was talking from way above. “It made us forget we was cold and hungry,” Pa said. The preacher’s name was McKinney and he was the papa of the one now holding services at Cedar Springs.

“McKinney said he would survive the camp if he had to live on icicles and cockroaches, and looks like he did,” Pa said.

Preacher Jolly at the Baptist church had condemned the brush arbor meetings. He said it was the devil’s work to come into a community and stir folks up and have them talking out of their heads. He said preachers like McKinney got folks all confused and quarreling and then went on their way. Preacher Jolly said the baptism of fire was just rot and the only baptism to count was water symbolic of the blood. He said anybody attending the brush arbor services was liable to lose their letter in the church.

The more people talked against the Pentecostal Holiness meetings the more curious I was to attend. My mama before she died was an Old Regular Baptist and I remember hearing her argue with Pa when he attended a revival in South Carolina. I was just a girl and hardly understood what they was talking about, but I knowed it made her angry for Pa to go to Pentecostal meetings.

“The Spirit speaks to people different ways,” Pa had said.

“Ben Peace,” Mama answered him, “I don’t want my children to ever witness such shameful goings-on.”

They had quarreled about the meetings for weeks, until the revival was over. And the next year she died of the fever.

My brother Joe was courting Lily then and they went with Pa and me in the wagon to Cedar Springs. It was Dog Days, before fodder-pulling time, when they had revivals back then. To get there in time we had to start when it was still daylight.

“It’s a way for Ginny to get out of doing dishes,” Florrie said as we left. She always did say the most cutting thing.

“Who does the dishes when you’re out with David?” I said.

“At least I ain’t going to disgrace myself by hollering and rolling on the floor,” Florrie said, and flung spoons in the dishpan.

“Ain’t you?” I said, and slipped out before she could answer. She had already bragged to me that she had laid down with David and I didn’t pass up many chances to tease her about it.

When we started out in the wagon you could hear grasshoppers clicking in the weeds. They sounded like a million timepieces ticking. And jarflies sung back in the oak trees like baby rattles shook so fast they blurred. By the time we got to the river road the crickets was ringing in the grass. It was the big black crickets called meadow moles and they rung all over the pasture hill and in the brush along the road. They sounded like tiny chisels pinging on rocks. “Six weeks till frost,” Pa said, as he always did when he heard a meadow mole.

There was horses tied to trees and wagons in the field around the brush arbor. The MacBanes had built the arbor out of poles, and nailed pine limbs on the poles. It looked like a green chapel carved from shrubbery. The arbor smelled of resin and sawdust and shavings spread on the ground. Some folks had brought their own chairs, but most set on benches of rough lumber.

We set near the middle of the arbor. Lanterns had been hung on either side up front, and there was one lantern on a pole in the center. The katydids got loud as a grist mill in the trees by the time it was dark. “Where is the preacher?” I whispered to Pa.

“He will come,” Pa said.

There was an altar in front and a pulpit of rough pine. One of the MacBanes, I think it was Hilliard, climbed up on the platform and said, “We will raise a hymn.” The MacBanes ever was the best singers in the valley, and Hilliard was supposed to be the very best, after his uncle Ben. His voice was so pure you felt it was the true voice and all others was just mocking it.

“The Spirit speaks first through music,” Hilliard said, and begun lining out “Revive Us Again.”

“Amen, b-b-brother,” someone called. It was Joe.

Hilliard sung slow at first. He said a phrase and then sung it. He said another and sung that. “You all sing with me,” he said. “The Spirit is right here with us in these woods. I can feel it. Can’t you?”

“A-a-a-amen,” Joe stammered.

As we sung I begun to notice something. Everything around me was changing in some way. The lantern light was still the same, and the people the same, and the smell of the pine resin was still the same. But it was changed too. It was sweeter. And I thought how time was more intense and sweetened by music. I felt closer to the people. They was still the same but I saw them different and better. I had on my same white blouse, but it begun to glow in the lantern light like pearls or opals.

When the song was over we heard somebody running. They come lickety through the leaves and trees outside. It sounded like somebody running for their life. And just as I was wondering who it could be this man leapt out of the dark into the brush arbor and right up on the pulpit.

“The devil was chasing me but I beat him,” the man shouted. Everybody laughed. It was Preacher McKinney. He wiped his brow with a handkerchief, and stood right on top of the pulpit. “Got to move fast to outrun the devil,” he said. He paused and looked around. I felt froze. I couldn’t take my eyes off him.

“Thank you, Jesus,” Lily said beside me.

“Do you know what it is?” the preacher said. “Do you know what it is that is so sweet?” He paused again and looked from one side to the other. Then he looked right at me. “It is the fellowship of time with eternity,” he said. “It is the communion of flesh with spirit; it is this world rubbing up against the next.”

His words was thrilling. He was saying just what I had often felt, what I had thought and only half understood before.

“We cannot put off these rags of flesh,” the preacher said. “But we can wear them in the Spirit and close to the Spirit. We don’t have to be dirty and miserable. We don’t have to feel sorry for ourselves. We don’t have to be lukewarm. We can live in the light and close to the light. For the spirit is here, right now.”

It felt like the burdens of my life started falling away. All the tedium and work, all my quarrels with Florrie and my sadness after Mama died, my disappointments because I had big hands and feet and because the boys stayed away. My worries about what things meant and what I read in books got suddenly trifling.

I looked at the preacher and he looked right into my eyes. It was like I was about to say something but couldn’t. There was words at the tip of my tongue but I couldn’t speak.

“You can have the baptism of fire,” Preacher McKinney shouted. “The baptism of water is not enough. You must have fire. And once you have the fire you cannot fall from grace. The dryhides and the washfoot Baptists won’t tell you that. They’ll tell you one dip in the branch or mudhole and you are guaranteed a seat in heaven. They talk like their plunge into the dirty creek is a ticket to paradise.”

He stopped and wiped his brow with a big white handkerchief. He turned to the other side of the congregation. “Well I’m here to tell you hell is full of washfoot Baptists,” he said. “And the water is dried off them quick in eternal torment. You’ve got to fight fire with fire. Just like you caseharden a nail to make it stronger, or fire a pot in the fiery furnace to make it last. It takes the second baptism to see you through.”

“A-a-amen,” Joe shouted. He jumped up and put his hands on either side of his mouth as if calling a long distance. But what come out was a chatter and buzz. I thought he was stuttering, but he was speaking too fast. It was the opposite of stuttering. He must have spoke half a minute and I did not know what he said.

“Bless you, brother,” the preacher said. “The Lord has made you a vessel of his word. Bless you all, my darlings in Christ.”

Lily begun to shake beside me. She shook like she had been through a cold river and then stood up in the wind. The look on her face was froze, but her body jerked. She bounced in every part of her. Without seeming to try, she walked out into the aisle. I stood back to let her go by. She walked up the aisle twitching and wrenching herself sideways.

“Bless you,” the preacher said. “The Spirit is in you also.”

As she walked toward Preacher McKinney, shivering and shuddering, Lily did not take her eyes off him. She held her head stiff, while her whole body was dancing in spasms and seizures.

“Bless you, honey,” the preacher said. And as he said it she dropped to the sawdust like she fainted. I stood on tiptoe to watch. She fell to the ground and kept jerking for a few seconds, and then she started rolling. She rolled from side to side, as if struggling to get loose from bonds. She kicked in the sawdust as if pushing away from a bank or shore.

“The Spirit is right here,” the Preacher said. “It is not in some dryhide Baptist church and not in Greenville. It is not in some fine building, and not in Washington, D.C., or New York City. It is right here in this brush arbor tonight, and it is here to change our lives. It is here to baptize us forever.”

Lily had cut all ties to being stiff and vain, to being prideful and full of self-regard. Usually she worried all the time about how she looked. She even put on airs a little. She was vainer about her clothes than any woman in the valley. But on the ground she spun and swam as if in a river of spirit, beyond ordinary concerns, selfish desires.

This is a new level, I thought to myself. This is a new dimension in our lives. And yet it seemed an old dimension too, something I had forgot since I was a girl. I could remember letting go that way when I was little. This is a new beginning for you, I said to myself. From now on things will be different.

Pa had took out his handkerchief and was waving it. Tears streamed down his cheeks, but he did not make a sound. He held the handkerchief over his right shoulder and waved it, like he was signalling to somebody, or shooing away flies.

“Send a message to the devil to stay away tonight,” Preacher McKinney said. “Let’s tell him he might as well go back to hell. He ain’t got no business here.”

I looked at Preacher McKinney’s eyes and he looked at me. My neck locked like steel and I couldn’t take my eyes away and I couldn’t close them. I didn’t know I was saying anything, even though I felt my tongue move. But it felt like I was raising above myself, even while I stood still.

Everybody had turned to look at me. And the preacher said, “Bless you, sister, the Lord has made you a vessel for his Word tonight. Through you has flowed the sweet honey from the rock and in your mouth is the light of stars.”

A great burden was falling away and I was at ease for the first time in years. The striving and struggle dropped away. The worry and the need had washed away. I felt poised on the instant, and happy in the very nick of time. I need not worry that my hands and feet was not beautiful and my lower lip puckered out when I was thinking. It didn’t matter that I had never had a real boyfriend though I was almost seventeen, or that Florrie had been with David and I hadn’t hardly been kissed.

And the little irritations would not matter either. I would not be concerned with the cold mornings when I had to go out to the cow stall to milk and the cow would kick me with a filthy foot. And I would never have to worry about the blues that made me feel lower than the earthworms. And I did not need to feel guilty for not fixing myself up every day the way Florrie and Lily did. From now on I would practice charity naturally and give to those in need what was in my power to give.

I stepped into the aisle and walked toward the preacher on tiptoe. I did not jerk as Lily had. I kept my eyes on Preacher McKinney and took short quick steps. Lily was setting in the corner wiping her eyes, but I did not look toward her.

“This sister is in the Spirit,” the preacher said. He reached out and placed his hand on my head and I begun to shudder and melt. I quivered throughout my bones and sunk toward the sawdust like jelly. I wanted to sink in the ground to show my humility. I wanted to fall and float right into the earth under the horizon.

And as I hit the ground I felt myself spun over. The only way to show humility was to wallow like a mare. I had to stretch out and shed my vanity. I spun and rolled as if carried by a flood across the room. Turning, I felt pulled underground, deeper and deeper into humility. Only by turning could I reach the center.

I touched the edge of the brush arbor and as I begun rolling back I felt the fire around me. The flames bathed and caressed me. The fire scorched away all pride and dirt of willfulness and the pain of vanity. I was lower than anybody in the room, and it was only by lowering myself that I could be cleansed. The fire burned and cooled me at once. Flames stretched through my thoughts and across the sky millions of miles like endless sunsets one after the other. The fire reached the edge of dark space and brushed up against stars.

“You’ve got to fight fire with fire,” the preacher shouted.

I whirled and whirled and saw that everything was spinning. Days was spinning and the earth was spinning and the sun itself was turning. Everything was curves and circles. Everything turned and returned. Each speck of me had been cleansed by turning.

This is the sweet geometry of light, I thought. This is the algebra of spirit and time. This is where flesh becomes clear as a lens and dust shines like Christmas candles. Carrion is radiant and new potatoes glow like babies. Lightning bugs pepper the dark. The coldest rock is on fire and icicles too. The sky is a blue fire and time runs its flame through everything.

When I stopped rolling I was too weak to do anything but lay in the shadows at the edge of the brush arbor. Sawdust and shavings stuck to my sweaty face and neck and my hair was tangled around my forehead. Sawdust was stuck to my legs behind my knees, but I didn’t care. I felt emptied out and full at once.

“It is a privilege to be here tonight,” Preacher McKinney was saying. “In all my years of preaching I have never seen such an outpouring of the Spirit. We are blessed with a rare gift.”

There was shouting all around and a man, I think it was one of the MacBanes, hopped down the aisle and around the altar like he was crippled and hadn’t walked for years but couldn’t help hisself. “Thank you, Jesus,” he shouted, “thank you, Jesus.”

“What a taste of Glory tonight,” the preacher said. “What a great big tin tub of honey has been dumped over us.”

I heard somebody else speak in tongues, but couldn’t tell who it was. The voice was so stretched it didn’t sound like anybody I knowed. There was a stream of syllables like bubbles gargled and blowed from a pipe. Then there was more, and still more.

“Bless you, sister,” the preacher said and looked at me, and I saw it was me that had been speaking. I didn’t even recognize my own voice. The syllables stopped as fast as they had started. The last one fell off my tongue like a big final bead.

“Everybody come forward,” the preacher said. “Everybody come get down on their knees in front of the altar.”

I tried to pull myself up on my knees.

“The Spirit and the bride say come; let whosoever will take the water of life freely,” the preacher said, quoting Revelation.

I fell back on my butt I was so weak.

“Help the sister up,” the preacher said. One of the Jenkins men reached out and helped me raise to a kneeling position.

“Everybody on their knees,” Preacher McKinney said. “It’s the only way to face eternity, right here on your knees in the dirt and sawdust.” Everybody come down and dropped to their knees, all close together. I was between Tildy Tankersley and the Jenkins boy. We crowded shoulder to shoulder.

“Now everybody put their arms around each other,” the preacher said. I put my left arm around Tildy’s neck and my right on the Jenkins boy’s shoulder. We got so close together it felt like everybody had their arms around everybody else.

“‘By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another,’” the preacher said. He got down on his knees and put his hands on the necks of two people right in front of him. I think it was Joe and Lily.

“Lord, we will get right down here in the dirt in our humbleness to you,” he said. “We ain’t got no pride, and our strength comes from you. Without you we’re no more than dirty rags. We that was once lost are now found. We that was filthy are now cleansed and saved with fire. Thank you, Jesus.”

“Thank you, Jesus,” we all said.

“Now hug each other closer,” the preacher said.

It was the most wonderful feeling as we all drawed each other to us.

“Hell itself cannot stand against love,” Preacher McKinney said.

I was aware somebody had put a hand on my breast and squeezed it. But in the packed-together crowd I couldn’t see who it was and I didn’t much care. We was so close everybody was touching somebody. We swayed as one body when the preacher prayed.

“This is what people was made for,” Preacher McKinney said. “We was put here to share in the joy of Christ’s love, and to know Him through love.”

I don’t know when I first noticed the smell of smoke. The scent of coal oil burning in the lanterns had been there from the beginning. And there was the scent of pine needles heated by the lanterns. But suddenly I caught the odor of smoke. At first I thought it was just a lantern, or the smell of pipe smoke on one of the men. But it was a dusty papery smoke. Everybody looked around at the same time and saw the hair of smoke pouring through the arbor, and heard the crackling.

It was such a shock it took us a few seconds to respond. People unlocked their arms and begun twisting and struggling to get up. Some helped each other and some crowded toward the door. “It’s a fire!” Tildy screamed.

In a daze we all begun pushing toward the door. It was purely dark outside, but I could see the fire glow on the trees.

“Where is the spring?” Joe said.

“It’s way up on the hill,” Emmett MacBane said.

“Closest water is the branch,” his brother Tilden said.

“Anybody got a bucket?” Pa said.

“It’s the baptism of fire,” a voice shouted out in the woods, and there was laughter.

“Where’s the bucket of drinking water?” Emmett said. It appeared somebody had stole the bucket and dipper from the stump in front of the brush arbor. But it was too late anyway. The pine brush on the walls and roof of the arbor had caught like tinder. The fire soaked right through the walls almost as soon as we got out. There wasn’t much we could do but stand there watching the arbor drown in flames. Within a minute fire had reached into the frame and opened the walls. We could see the benches burning, and the pulpit and altar. There wasn’t a thing we could do except gasp as the roof started falling a piece at a time.

“We will build it back,” Emmett said.

“We will build it back even bigger,” Tilden said.

“The Lord’s work will not be stopped,” the preacher shouted to the darkness. The fire lit the trees far into the woods, but blinded by the flames I couldn’t see a thing.

I don’t remember much about the ride back down the river road. After the heat of the service, and the rage of the fire, the cool air felt good at first. But I soon begun to shiver in the dark and wish I had a coat. Joe lit the lantern but it didn’t help much against the night chill. We creaked and rattled along the rough road under the stars. I brushed pieces of sawdust and shavings off my dress and out of my hair.

“You had a true baptism, Ginny,” Lily said to me. “I could tell it. I could tell you was in the Spirit.”

But now that we was out in the dark I didn’t want to talk about the service. It felt wrong to talk about it.

When we got to the house it must have been past midnight. We had left Lily at her place up near the ford. Florrie and Locke had gone to bed and there wasn’t even a lamp on in the living room. The katydids was so loud in the trees around the place it was hard to believe the house was there at all.

While Joe unhitched the horse and led him to the stable, Pa gathered kindling and cobs to start a fire. Because it was so clear, the night had got cold. I shivered and suddenly felt awful hungry. “Make the fire in the stove,” I said. “Build a fire in the stove and I will fix some biscuits and coffee.”

“I’m mighty hungry for cornbread and butter,” Pa said.

“Then I’ll make some cornbread,” I said. I got meal and buttermilk and salt and soda and mixed them up in a batter by the time Joe come in. Pa had the cob fire roaring in the stove and the kitchen started to warm up. I poured the batter into a pan and put it in the oven. The water for the coffee begun to boil.

“He’s the best I’ve ever seen since Elmira,” Pa said. “He’s as good as his daddy was.”

“He’s as good as Lilburn is,” Joe said, “and I always said L-L-Lilburn could outpreach and outshout anybody in Dark Corner.”

I wondered what they was going to say about my part in the service. Now that we was back home I felt even less like talking about it. It didn’t seem right to discuss what had happened, not because what went on in the brush arbor was shameful, but because it was too sacred to talk about.

I put a cake of butter on the table and we had hot cornbread and butter and cool molasses and coffee with cream in it. The butter tasted better than ice cream on the hot bread. And the strong coffee matched the buttery sweetness of the molasses.

“The MacB-B-Banes will build another brush arbor,” Joe said.

“They should build a rock church,” Pa said. “Except then it would get just like all the other churches.”

“They could meet in somebody’s house,” I said.

“It’s not the s-s-s-same if you gather in somebody’s parlor,” Joe said. “You need a sp-sp-special dedicated place.”

I saw what he meant, for I didn’t even want to talk about the service, and what happened to me, now that we was among ordinary things. I wasn’t ashamed. But it wouldn’t be the same to have a service right in the living room. It would be hard to give yourself to such a meeting. Maybe I was a little embarrassed. I flicked another crumb of sawdust off my dress.

“Why it’s two o’clock in the morning,” somebody said. It was Florrie standing in the doorway in her nightgown, frowning.

“Do you want some cornbread and molasses?” I said.

“I just got up to see who was making all the fuss,” Florrie said.

Everybody always said I was the most high-strung of the Peace children, but the hardest working. Sometimes I work because I can’t stand not to be doing something, because I don’t know where to look or where to put my hands. Other times I’ll get so interested in a job I can’t think of anything else. It will be like I forget I am me, and just think of the job, of what my hands is doing. That’s when I feel the best, when I don’t even think about myself, but about what needs to be done. I guess that’s when I’m most at myself, when I don’t even worry about it.

People say I got the “Italian” look from the Peaces and the Richardses. It’s true I have Pa’s black eyes and hair. But I got Mama’s fair skin and height. People talk that way all the time, like they know why people look the way they do. But I don’t think we know much about why people are what they are. Some children don’t take after their parents at all. And I sure can’t see traits going back several generations, to Italian, a trace of Italian, blood, or Indian blood, all the way to South Carolina, and Pennsylvania, and back to New Jersey and Wales even before that. I think we are just like God made us and we don’t ever know much about our ancestors or what they did.

They always said I had a way of my own, and that much I’ll agree to. I never did want to be anybody else. Some said it was because Mama died when I was young, and I never had anyone to bring me up but my sister Florrie. There was nobody else to show how a girl ought to be. Some said it was because I fought with Florrie from the time I was a youngun and didn’t have a chance to learn manners. Others said it was after Pa took me to the meetings that I got mixed up and nervous. And still others said it was because I read too many books that I acted quair.

But from the time I was just a little girl I always did pitch in if there was somebody sick. I visited the shut-ins and took plates of chicken to the bereaved. Even as a girl I went to poundings for somebody that had their house burnt and took a pound of coffee or of sugar, or a piece of ham meat. I wasn’t more than fifteen when I helped wash and lay out a corpse. It was old Miss MacDowell up on Rock Creek that dropped dead while she was rendering lard. I helped put her on the cooling board and clean her up and even washed her hair.

People liked to say I was a worse bookworm than Pa and I reckon that was true t. . .